I-Nanomatadium zizinto ezinobungakanani obufikelele kwi-nanoscale kwaye iimpawu zabo zitshintshile. Ukutshintsha ubungakanani be-nanomaterials kubenza babe nefuthe elingaphezulu, isiphumo sobungakanani obuncinci kunye nesiphumo sobungakanani be-quantum. Ukugqitywa kokusebenza kwe-Textile yindlela enokwanelisa umsebenzi okhethekileyo we-textile kwimveliso kunye nobomi kunye nokwandisa ixabiso elongezelelweyo. Kuye kwaba enye yeendlela zokuphuhliswa kweshishini le-textile ukulungiselela i-textile esebenzayo kunye neempawu enye okanye ezininzi ezifana ne-antibacterial, i-anti-ultraviolet, i-anti-static, i-self-cleaning, i-conductive kunye ne-anti-wrinkle, njl.

Ukugqitywa kokumelana ne-ultraviolet

Ukugqitywa kwe-Anti-ultraviolet kukuphatha izinto ze-nano kwi-fiber surface kwaye zenze ukuba zilungiswe ngakumbi kwi-textile. Xa ukukhanya kukhanyisa i-textile, i-quantum size effect kunye ne-surface effect ye-nanoparticles yenza ukuba ininzi yemitha ye-ultraviolet ifakwe okanye ibonakaliswe, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ubuninzi bemitha ye-ultraviolet kwilaphu. Okwangoku, i-TiO2, i-ZnO, i-Al2O3, i-SiO2 kunye nezinye i-nanoparticles zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekugqityweni kwe-textile anti-uv.

Ukugqiba ukuzicoca

Kukho imigaqo emibini ephambili yokucoca i-textile self-coca kunye nokugqiba: i-superhydrophobic kunye ne-photocatalytic. Umgaqo wokuzicoca we-superhydrophobic unokuchazwa nge-Angle yoqhagamshelwano lomphezulu, i-Angle enkulu yoqhagamshelwano, ingcono ukugxotha amanzi, kwaye isitshixo sokwandisa i-Angle yoqhagamshelwano kukuphucula uburhabaxa bomphezulu welaphu okanye ukunciphisa i-Angle yayo. amandla angaphezulu.

Ukuzicoca kwe-Photocatalytic kusekelwe ikakhulu kwi-photocatalytic reaction ye-nano TiO2. Ngaphantsi kweemeko zokukhanya, i-TiO2 inokungena kwi-REDOX eyomeleleyo kwaye ivelise i-hydroxyl free radicals, enokubola izinto eziphilayo. Xa kuthelekiswa nokugqitywa komphezulu we-superhydrophobic, ukugqitywa kwe-photocatalytic surface kunokubangela i-oxidation yezinto ezingcolisayo kuphela phantsi kokukhanya kwelanga, kwaye iimveliso ezibolileyo zihambelana nokusingqongileyo kwaye azinangcoliseko. Akukho kulahleka kwamandla kwinkqubo ye-catalytic, ngoko ke iteknoloji ehambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye neenzuzo ezininzi.

Ukugqitywa kwe-antibacterial

Isiphumo sobungakanani bobungakanani be-nanometer yezixhobo ze-antibacterial inokubenza bafunxe iifotoni okanye bavelise ezabo inguqu ye-elektroniki, okukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwamanqanaba amandla, ukongezwa kokunciphisa kunye ne-oxidation, kunye nokuveliswa kwenani elikhulu le-hydroxyl radicals esebenzayo kunye ne-oxygen radicals. inokubulala iintsholongwane ngexesha elifutshane. Okwangoku, i-TiO2, i-ZnO, i-Ag kunye nezinye i-nanomaterials zisetyenzisiwe ekugqityweni kwe-antibacterial of textiles.

Ukugqitywa kwe-Antistatic

I-nanometer ye-nanometer yokugqiba i-antistatic yelaphu yenza i-charge conduction kwaye idle ngokukhawuleza ngokuqhutyelwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukwenzela ukuba ilaphu likwazi ukufezekisa umphumo we-antistatic. Okwangoku, izixhobo ze-nano kwi-textile antistatic finishing zibandakanya i-TiO2, i-ZnO, i-Ag, i-graphene, njl.

I-nanomaterials ye-conductive eqhelekileyo ineengxaki ezininzi xa isetyenziswe yodwa: iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo zinefuthe elihle lokuqhuba kodwa ixabiso eliphezulu; Izixhobo zekhabhoni kulula ukuzifaka, amandla okubopha abuthathaka ngamalaphu kwaye abe nemibala emnyama. Ngoko ke, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-nanomaterials eziqhubayo zihlala zidibaniswa ukuze zenze iziphene zazo ngokusebenzisa i-synergistic effect yezixhobo ukwenzela ukuphumeza umphumo ongcono wokugqiba.

Ukuqhuba ukusombulula

Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, umphezulu welaphu ugqunywe ngenxa yokunqongophala kwee-electron ezihamba simahla, ukunika ilaphu conductivity yombane kunokukwenza ulungelelane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zobomi bale mihla. I-graphene kunye ne-carbon nanotubes zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-conductive finishing of fabrics ngenxa ye-conductivity yabo yombane egqwesileyo kunye neempawu zomatshini.

Okunye ukugqiba

I-Nanomatadium inokusetyenziselwa ukubuyiswa komlilo, ukukhusela i-electromagnetic, ukufunxwa kwe-infrared kunye neminye imisebenzi. Umthwalo ophezulu welaphu lomqhaphu we-ZnO ulungiswe yi-in-situ ammonia fumigation emva konyango olubuthathaka lwe-oxidation yi-ling chao.

Ngokuntsonkotha okukhulayo kokuhlala kwabantu, amalaphu anomsebenzi omnye akanakukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantu, ngoko ke ngumkhwa oqhelekileyo wokuphuhlisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye neemveliso ezininzi. Izinto ezisebenzayo ze-nano-material ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokugqiba umsebenzi we-textile. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwe-nanotechnology, i-nano-finishing textiles enemisebenzi emininzi iya kuba yenye yeendlela eziphambili kwixesha elizayo.

Ngomxholo wobugcisa ongaphezulu, nceda ubhekisele kwinqaku elithi "uphando lwenkqubela phambili ye-nanomaterials ekugqityweni kwe-textile functional" kushicilelo lwesi-4 lwe-textile yonke imihla ngo-2020.